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  • 常见新闻英语词汇与短语 详细讲解4

       2026-02-23 网络整理佚名1290
    核心提示:以下是针对常用新闻报道中核心词汇与短语(4)的详细讲解,每个词条均包含词义解析、例句及中文翻译,以帮助您更深入地理解和运用这些表达。核心词汇与短语详细讲解一、动词短语与固定搭配1.

    以下是针对常用新闻报道中核心词汇与短语(4)的详细讲解,每个词条均包含词义解析、例句及中文翻译,以帮助您更深入地理解和运用这些表达。

    核心词汇与短语详细讲解

    一、动词短语与固定搭配

    1. crack down on

    · 含义:严厉打击,严肃整治(尤指对违法或不法行为)

    · 构成:动词短语,通常用于政府、警方等权威机构

    · 例句:

    · The school decided to crack down on cheating during exams.

    学校决定严厉打击考试作弊行为。

    · The new mayor promised to crack down on corruption within city government.

    新市长承诺严打市政府内部的腐败。

    2. lead to

    · 含义:导致,引起(结果或后果)

    · 注意:后接名词或动名词,表示因果关系

    · 例句:

    · Poor communication often leads to misunderstandings in the workplace.

    沟通不畅常常导致工作场所的误解。

    · The heavy rain led to the cancellation of the outdoor concert.

    大雨导致户外音乐会被取消。

    3. jump out of the way

    · 含义:迅速闪开,跳开躲避

    · 语境:常用于描述紧急情况下的躲避动作

    · 例句:

    一篇英语新闻报道

    · The pedestrians had to jump out of the way as the car suddenly swerved onto the sidewalk.

    汽车突然转向冲上人行道,行人不得不迅速闪开。

    · I almost didn't jump out of the way in time when the bicycle came speeding toward me.

    自行车朝我冲来时,我差点没及时闪开。

    4. coincide with

    · 含义:与...同时发生,巧合

    · 用法:描述两个事件在时间上的重叠

    · 例句:

    · Her promotion coincided with the company's expansion into Asian markets.

    她的晋升与公司进军亚洲市场同时发生。

    · The power outage coincided with the thunderstorm, making the situation worse.

    停电与雷暴同时发生,使情况更加糟糕。

    二、精准形容词

    5. oppressive

    · 含义:压抑的,难以忍受的(指气候、气氛等)

    · 词根:press(压)+ 前缀 op-(加强)

    · 例句:

    · The oppressive heat made it difficult to sleep without air conditioning.

    难耐的酷热让人没有空调难以入睡。

    · There was an oppressive silence in the room after the bad news was announced.

    坏消息宣布后,房间内有一种令人压抑的沉默。

    6. frigid

    一篇英语新闻报道

    · 含义:极冷的,严寒的(比"cold"程度更强)

    · 同义词:freezing, icy

    · 例句:

    · The frigid temperatures in Antarctica require special protective gear.

    南极的严寒气温需要特殊的防护装备。

    · She gave him a frigid stare that made him immediately stop talking.

    她给了他一个冰冷的凝视,让他立刻停止了说话。

    7. wayward

    · 含义:任性的,不守规矩的;难以控制的

    · 构成:way(道路)+ -ward(方向)→ 偏离正道

    · 例句:

    · The teacher struggled to manage the wayward student who refused to follow any rules.

    老师努力管教那个拒绝遵守任何规则的任性学生。

    · The company tried to rein in its wayward subsidiary that was operating independently.

    公司试图控制其独立运营、难以管理的子公司。

    8. ubiquitous

    · 含义:无处不在的,普遍存在的

    · 发音:/juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/

    · 例句:

    · Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society, even among young children.

    智能手机在现代社会已无处不在,甚至在年幼儿童中也是如此。

    · In the 1990s, the coffee chain became ubiquitous, with stores on nearly every corner.

    一篇英语新闻报道

    在20世纪90年代,这家咖啡连锁店变得无处不在,几乎每个街角都有其门店。

    9. miffed

    · 含义:有点生气的,恼怒的(程度较轻)

    · 语体:偏口语化,非正式

    · 例句:

    · She was miffed when her colleagues forgot her birthday.

    同事们忘记了她的生日,她有点生气。

    · He was miffed that his suggestion was dismissed without proper consideration.

    他的建议没有经过适当考虑就被否决了,这让他很恼火。

    三、专业与特定词汇

    10. summons (单复数同形)

    · 含义:传票,法庭传唤

    · 法律术语:区分"ticket"(罚单,较轻)和"summons"(传票,较重)

    · 例句:

    · He received a summons to appear in court for a speeding violation.

    他因超速违规收到了出庭传票。

    · The company was served with a summons for violating environmental regulations.

    该公司因违反环保法规被送达传票。

    11. advocacy group

    · 含义:倡议团体,倡导组织(推动特定社会或政治目标)

    · 常见类型:consumer advocacy group, environmental advocacy group

    · 例句:

    一篇英语新闻报道

    · The advocacy group organized a protest to raise awareness about climate change.

    这个倡议团体组织了一场抗议活动,以提高人们对气候变化的认识。

    · Animal rights advocacy groups successfully lobbied for stricter laws against animal cruelty.

    动物权利倡导团体成功游说制定了更严格的反动物虐待法律。

    12. motorist

    · 含义:驾驶机动车的人,司机

    · 构词:motor(机动车)+ -ist(从事...的人)

    · 例句:

    · The new law requires motorists to yield to pedestrians at all crosswalks.

    新法律要求司机在所有人行横道处礼让行人。

    · During the holiday season, motorists are warned about the dangers of drunk driving.

    假日期间,司机们被警告醉驾的危险。

    13. op-ed

    · 含义:报纸的专栏评论版(opposite editorial page的缩写)

    · 特点:通常刊登署名评论文章,表达个人观点

    · 例句:

    · The professor wrote an op-ed for the local newspaper about education reform.

    这位教授为当地报纸写了一篇关于教育改革的专栏评论。

    · Her op-ed piece criticizing government policy sparked a lively public debate.

    她那篇批评政府政策的专栏文章引发了一场热烈的公开辩论。

    四、表达结构与数据描述

    14. by a factor of

    一篇英语新闻报道

    · 含义:以...的倍数,增加/减少了...倍

    · 科技/统计用语:表示变化幅度

    · 例句:

    · The new algorithm improved processing speed by a factor of 10.

    新算法将处理速度提高了10倍。

    · Energy consumption decreased by a factor of 3 after the building was renovated.

    大楼翻新后,能耗降低了三分之二(减少到原来的1/3)。

    15. Pity the... (修辞性倒装句)

    · 含义:同情/可怜...吧(用于强调某群体的困境)

    · 修辞功能:创造情感共鸣,吸引读者注意

    · 例句:

    · Pity the night shift workers who must sleep during the day.

    可怜那些必须白天睡觉的夜班工人吧。

    · Pity the students who have exams during the holiday season.

    同情那些在假期期间还要考试的学生吧。

    学习建议:

    1. 分类记忆:将词汇按主题(如法律、天气、社会问题)分组学习

    2. 搭配练习:注意每个词汇的常见搭配(如"crack down"常与"on"连用)

    3. 语境应用:尝试用新词汇描述自己熟悉的话题

    4. 程度区分:注意近义词的程度差异(如:cold < frigid;annoyed < miffed < angry)

    5. 语体意识:了解词汇的正式程度(ubiquitous正式,miffed口语)

    这些词汇不仅在阅读新闻报道时有帮助,也是学术写作和高级口语表达的宝贵资源。

     
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